Family: Brassicaceae
Binomial name: Raphanus sativus
Life Cycle: Annual
Radishes can be grown year-round in most climates. Avoid planting in extremely hot or cold weather which can affect germination and growth. Use the table below to identify the best time of year to sow radishes in your climate.
JAN | FEB | MAR | APR | MAY | JUN | JUL | AUG | SEP | OCT | NOV | DEC | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cool | ||||||||||||
Temperate | ||||||||||||
Sub-Tropical | ||||||||||||
Tropical | ||||||||||||
Arid |
Radish plants are best grown in full sun. Choose a location that will receive at least 6 hours of full sun each day.
Radish plants need a loose, well drained soil enriched with organic matter. Prepare soil by weeding it thoroughly, digging it over to at least a spade’s depth to loosen the soil, and adding aged animal manure or compost. Organic matter can be dug into heavy soil to lighten it so roots can grow freely. Keep the area free of weeds until planting.
Radish seeds do not require any treatment (eg soaking, stratification) before sowing.
Radish seeds grow best when they are sown directly into the garden.
Radish plants may need watering during the growing season. Water when the soil is dry about 5cm below the surface (test this by scratching away a little soil with your finger). Water deeply in the early morning or late afternoon. Avoid watering the leaves of plants to avoid fungal diseases. Learn more about watering here.
Optional: To give plants room to grow, thin seedlings when they are large enough to handle. Pull out any weak or small seedlings so plants are spaced about 3-7cm apart.
If soil was well prepared no extra fertiliser should be necessary. Fertilising can result in excessive leaf growth at the expense of roots forming. In poor soil use a fertiliser low in nitrogen and high in phosphorus, such as blood and bone, applied at the recommended rate.
Radishes should be ready to harvest in approximately 40-60 days.
Roots are ready to harvest when they are large enough to eat, and can be harvested as needed. Harvest individual roots by gently pulling at the base of the leaves, or use a garden fork to lift multiple roots from the soil. Shake off any excess soil and cut the foliage 1-2cm above the top of the root. Store radishes in a perforated plastic bag in the fridge. For longer term storage, radishes can be pickled or fermented.
Leaves are ready to harvest when they are large enough to eat, and can be harvested as needed. Harvest leaves by pinching off the outer leaves, leaving some on the plant for future growth. Eat radish leaves as soon as possible after harvesting. Store leaves short term in a perforated plastic bag in the fridge.
Seed pods are ready to harvest when they are young and bright green and before they appear bumpy. Pull or cut individual pods from the plant. Eat seed pods as soon as possible after harvesting. For long term storage seed pods can be pickled.
Like all plants, radish is susceptible to some pests, diseases and other problems. Below is a list of the most common problems gardeners encounter when growing radish plants: